The plasma cleaner is an excellent tool for surface cleaning, sterilization, activation, energy alteration, bonding and adhesion preparation, modification of surface chemistry, as well as polymer and biomaterial activation, grafting, and surface coating onto various materials including: metals, ceramics, composites, polymers, and biomaterials. Plasma cleaning utilizes process gases to provide the different surface modification methods. Air or O2 chemically removes contaminates via oxidizing surfaces or for oxide layer formation and enhancement. An ablative method is achieved with argon to remove contaminates from surfaces damaged by oxidation such as silver nano-rods.